Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
|
|
|
1.
|
The movement of organisms into a range is called
a. | immigration. | b. | emigration. | c. | population
shift. | d. | carrying capacity. |
|
|
|
2.
|
Which of the following could describe a population that is decreasing in
size?
a. | The birthrate and the death rate remain the same. | b. | The death rate is
becoming lower than the birthrate. | c. | The death rate is constant and the birthrate is
increasing. | d. | The death rate is becoming higher than the birthrate. |
|
|
|
3.
|
Which are two ways a population can decrease in size?
a. | immigration and emigration | b. | increased death rate and
immigration | c. | decreased birthrate and emigration | d. | emigration and increased
birthrate |
|
|
|
4.
|
As resources in a population become less available, the population
a. | declines rapidly. | b. | increases slowly. | c. | reaches carrying
capacity. | d. | enters a phase of exponential growth. |
|
|
|
5.
|
Something that controls the growth or size of a population is
a. | the carrying capacity. | b. | the growth rate. | c. | a limiting
factor. | d. | a growth factor. |
|
|
|
6.
|
Which will reduce competition within a species’ population?
a. | fewer individuals | b. | higher birthrate | c. | fewer
resources | d. | higher population density |
|
|
|
7.
|
If a population grows larger than the carrying capacity of the environment,
which of these is most likely to happen?
a. | The death rate may rise. | b. | The birthrate may rise. | c. | The death rate must
fall. | d. | The birthrate must fall. |
|
|
|
Figure 5–2
|
|
|
8.
|
Using Figure 5–2, what is the most likely cause of the decrease in moose
population immediately after 1995?
a. | Poisonous plants killed off many moose. | b. | Many moose reached
old age and died. | c. | Overcrowding caused competition in the moose
population. | d. | A decrease in predators caused competition in the moose
population. |
|
|
|
9.
|
Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT
a. | competition. | b. | temperature. | c. | crowding. | d. | disease. |
|
|
|
10.
|
A disease resulting in the deaths of one third of a dense population of bats in
a cave would be a
a. | density-dependent limiting factor. | b. | result of exponential
growth. | c. | density-independent limiting factor. | d. | nutrient-limiting
factor. |
|
|
|
 Figure
5–3
|
|
|
11.
|
The graph in Figure 5–3 shows the changes in a mosquito population. What
caused the changes seen in the graph?
a. | a reduction in resources | b. | a increase in predation. | c. | a
density-independent limiting factor | d. | a density-dependent limiting
factor |
|
|
|
12.
|
A benefit of monoculture farming practices is
a. | the ability to grow a lot of food. | b. | the ability to spend less money on
fertilizer. | c. | the use of less water for irrigation. | d. | disease and pest resistance of the
crops. |
|
|
|
13.
|
Imported plants and animals in Hawaii have
a. | caused native species to die out. | b. | increased the native bird
species. | c. | improved soil fertility. | d. | increased crop
yields. |
|
|
|
14.
|
A developer wants to build new a new housing development in or around a large
city. Which of the following plans would be LEAST harmful to the environment?
a. | Clearing a forested area outside of the city to build houses. | b. | Building apartments
at the site of an abandoned factory in the city. | c. | Building a neighborhood in a meadow at the edge
of the city. | d. | Filling a wetland area and building oceanfront
condominiums. |
|
|
|
15.
|
What is one negative consequence of the Industrial Revolution?
a. | fewer jobs for people living in cities | b. | more expensive clothes | c. | environmental harm
from the burning of fossil fuels | d. | people working longer hours at their
jobs |
|
|
|
16.
|
An example of a renewable resource is
a. | oil. | b. | natural gas. | c. | coal. | d. | trees. |
|
|
|
17.
|
Ideally, sustainable development should
a. | put the protection of the environment ahead of human needs. | b. | provide for human
needs at the expense of the environment. | c. | use more natural resources to make goods to
meet human needs. | d. | preserve ecosystems while providing for human
needs. |
|
|
|
18.
|
Using environmental resources in a way that does not cause long-term
environmental harm is like
a. | spending only as much money as you earn. | b. | borrowing money that
you cannot pay back for a long time. | c. | printing more money when you need
it. | d. | lending money to people who can’t pay it back. |
|
|
|
19.
|
The 1930s Dust Bowl in the Great Plains was caused by
a. | deforestation. | b. | contour plowing. | c. | using renewable
resources. | d. | poor farming practices. |
|
|
|
20.
|
When farming, overgrazing, climate change, and/or seasonal drought change
farmland into land that cannot support plant life, it is called
a. | desertification. | b. | depletion. | c. | deforestation. | d. | monoculture. |
|
|
|
21.
|
Which of the following is NOT considered a sustainable-development strategy for
management of Earth’s resources?
a. | contour plowing | b. | desertification | c. | crop
rotation | d. | selective harvesting of trees |
|
|
|
22.
|
An example of sustainable resource use is the use of predators and parasites
to
a. | harm natural resources. | b. | pollinate plants. | c. | control pest
insects. | d. | eat unwanted plants. |
|
|
|
 Figure
6–2
|
|
|
23.
|
What is shown in Figure 6–2 above?
a. | point source pollution | b. | nonpoint source pollution | c. | water
conservation | d. | water treatment |
|
|
|
24.
|
One property that makes DDT hazardous over the long run is that DDT is
a. | an insecticide. | b. | a perfect pesticide. | c. | subject to
biological magnification. | d. | deadly to
herbivores. |
|
|
|
25.
|
The sulfur and nitrogen compounds in smog combine with water to form
a. | ozone. | b. | ammonia. | c. | acid
rain. | d. | chlorofluorocarbons. |
|
|
|
26.
|
Air and water pollution have been reduced by
a. | using fossil fuels in factories. | b. | using only unleaded
gasoline. | c. | raising more cattle for food. | d. | increasing biological
magnification. |
|
|
|
27.
|
Biodiversity is valuable partly because it
a. | gives us interesting things to look at. | b. | tells us about many
other species. | c. | contributes to medicine and agriculture. | d. | provides humans with
resistance to disease. |
|
|
|
28.
|
All of the following are threats to biodiversity EXCEPT
a. | biological magnification of toxic compounds. | b. | habitat
fragmentation. | c. | introduced species. | d. | habitat
preservation. |
|
|
|
29.
|
By preserving hot spots, ecologists hope to protect species in danger of
extinction due to
a. | captive breeding programs. | b. | expanding national parks. | c. | human
activity. | d. | biological magnification. |
|
|
|
30.
|
One measure of the human impact on the biosphere is called
a. | biological magnification. | b. | biodiversity. | c. | an ecological hot
spot. | d. | an ecological footprint. |
|
|
|
31.
|
The first step to using ecology to solve environmental problems is to
a. | ban the burning of fossil fuels. | b. | close businesses that
pollute. | c. | use alternative fuels. | d. | identify the
problem. |
|
|
|
Figure
6–5
|
|
|
32.
|
The data in the graph in Figure 6–5 above helped ecologists identify which
environmental problem?
a. | the hole in the ozone layer | b. | global warming | c. | habitat
fragmentation | d. | desertification |
|